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21 - Ben Campbell amazing answer (It)

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All right.

Now, who can explain Newton's method and how you use it?

You can use it to solve nonlinear equations.

That's impressive.

That's really good. I mean, I'm very impressed by that,

especially since my class is called Nonlinear Equations.

All right, now somebody tell me something I don't already know.

Anyone? Bueller. Anyone? Bueller.

Newton stole it.

- I'm sorry? - Newton stole it.

Joseph Raphson published this same method 50 years earlier.

If the start value is too far removed from true zero, then it fails.

- I'm sorry, what's your name? - Ben. Ben Campbell.

So Ben Campbell suggests that Joseph Raphson

was the original author of this method.

Well, if that's the case, then why didn't he get any credit?

Well, for one thing, Newton had a better publicist.

And for another, after 1700, we know very little about Raphson

other than the fact that he discovered the Kabbalah

about 300 years before Madonna.

All right, now, let's give Ben a chance for some extra credit, shall we?

We're gonna call this the game show host problem, all right?

Ben, suppose you're on a game show.

And you are given a chance to choose from three different doors, all right?

Now, behind one of the doors is a new car. Behind the other two, goats.

Which door would you choose, Ben?

Door number one?

Door number one. Ben chooses door number one.

All right, now, the game show host,

who, by the way, knows what's behind all the other doors,

decides to open another door. Let's say he chooses door number three.

Behind which sits a goat. Now...

Ben, game show host comes up to you.

He says, " Ben, do you want to stay with door number one

" or go with door number two?"

Now, is it in your interest to switch your choice?

- Yeah. - Well, wait.

Remember, the host knows where the car is

so how do you know he's not playing a trick on you?

Trying to use reverse psychology to get you to pick a goat?

Well, I wouldn't really care. I mean, my answer's based on statistics.

Based on variable change.

Variable change? But he just asked you a simple question.

Yeah, which changed everything.

Enlighten us.

Well, when I was originally asked to choose a door,

I had a 33.3% chance of choosing right.

But after he opens one of the doors and then re-offers me the choice,

it's now 66.7% if I choose to switch.

So, yeah, I'll take door number two, and thank you for that extra 33.3%.

Exactly. People, remember,

if you don't know which door to open, always account for variable change.

Now, see, most people wouldn't take the switch

out of paranoia, fear, emotions.

But Mr. Campbell, he kept emotions aside

and let simple math get his ass into a brand-new car!

Which is better than that goat you've been driving around campus.

All right, everybody.

That's the end of the day. Thank you very much.

Your graded papers are down here at the end.

You can pick them up on your way out.

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which - quale

variable - variabile

value - valore

trick - trucco

remember - ricorda

explain - spiegare

newton - newton

exactly - di preciso

everything - qualunque cosa

emotions - emozioni

earlier - prima

little - piccolo

always - sempre

everybody - tutti

behind - dietro a

three - tre

decides - decide

discovered - scoperto

since - da

changed - cambiato

account - account

choice - scelta

class - classe

around - in giro

campbell - campbell

different - diverso

about - di

fails - non riesce

other - altro

especially - particolarmente

choose - scegliere

brand - marca

chance - opportunità

interest - interesse

comes - viene

chooses - sceglie

author - autore

suppose - supporre

after - dopo

based - basato

aside - a parte

something - qualcosa

called - chiamato

problem - problema

would - voluto

start - inizio

before - prima

better - meglio

bueller - Bueller

gonna - andando

choosing - la scelta

campus - città universitaria

already - già

another - un altro

change - modificare

given - dato

statistics - statistica

graded - graduato

impressed - impressionato

kabbalah - kabbalah

joseph - joseph

anyone - chiunque

impressive - impressionante

knows - conosce

simple - semplice

method - metodo

nonlinear - non lineare

years - anni

goats - capre

number - numero

trying - provare

original - originale

originally - originariamente

extra - extra

offers - offerte

papers - documenti

paranoia - paranoia

question - domanda

people - persone

thing - cosa

equations - equazioni

playing - giocando

psychology - psicologia

doors - porte

raphson - raphson

published - pubblicato

really - veramente

removed - rimosso

enlighten - illuminare

opens - si apre

switch - interruttore

where - dove

reverse - inversione

credit - credito

right - destra

madonna - madonna

shall - deve

solve - risolvere

driving - guida

asked - chiesto

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